Business model: (1) single private operator; (2) dual private actor; (3) public ownership, private operation; (4) fully public operator
Business model typology
Fully private operation
Public ownership, private operation
Publication year of the procurement process
Year
2019
2024
Institution responsible for issuing the procurement process.
Issuing authority
How the procurement defines or requires the inclusion of electric vehicles (e.g., percentage of total fleet, categories affected)
Electric requirement
—
All vehicles must be electric
Warranty requirements for vehicles, batteries, or systems when disclosed.
Warranty requirements
Not publicly available
Bid-defined warranty
Main source of CAPEX payment or revenue in the contractual arrangement.
CAPEX payment or revenue source
Private operator, but SPTrans subsidizes a percentage equivalent to the difference in value between a diesel bus and an electric bus.
Public remuneration per: vehicle leasing; vehicle maintenance
CAPEX payment or revenue values and units disclosed in the procurement.
CAPEX payment or revenue values
Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 9.1% on invested capital*
Monthly rental cost per vehicle: Category A – BRL 31,874.52 (≈ USD 5,897.02); Category B – BRL 37,657.45 (≈ USD 6,966.90); Category C – BRL 56,018.98 (≈ USD 10,363.91). (Exchange rate as of 01 Oct 2025)
How residual value risk of assets is allocated among stakeholders.
Asset residual value risk allocation*
Private fleet provider (inferred)
Leasing company (inferred)
How battery degradation risk is allocated among stakeholders.
Battery degradation risk allocation*
Private fleet provider (inferred)
Leasing company (inferred)
Primary source of financing for the fleet or infrastructure investments.
Source of financing*
Shared (private and public)
Public authority (inferred)
Currency denomination and risk-sharing structure for payments or contracts.
Currency exposure structure*
Not specified (likely local currency – R$/BRL)
Not publicly available
OPEX & Operational Structure
Country name
Country
#SP
Brazil
#441
Brazil
City or metropolitan region where the procurement process applies.
City / Region
#SP
São Paulo
#441
São José dos Campos
Main source of OPEX payment or revenue in the contractual arrangement.
OPEX payment or revenue source
#SP
Public payment (gross cost contract – operator paid per km, revenue centrally collected)
#441
Public remuneration per: vehicle maintenance
OPEX payment or revenue values and units disclosed in the procurement.
OPEX payment or revenue values
#SP
Defined as R$/km (remuneration fare), periodically adjusted; varies by fleet type and cost structure
#441
Monthly maintenance cost per vehicle: Category A – BRL 4,462.43 (≈ USD 825.58); Category B – BRL 4,895.47 (≈ USD 905.70); Category C – BRL 6,722.28 (≈ USD 1,243.67). (Exchange rate as of 01 Oct 2025)
Requirement for air conditioning in the vehicles, if specified
Air conditioning requirement
#SP
Required (inferred)
#441
Required
Minimum technical requirements for batteries and charging systems: autonomy, charging time, and charging type (slow, opportunity)
Battery charging specifications
#SP
Not publicly available
#441
Minimum autonomy of 220 kilometers for Category A, 210 kilometers for Category B, and 200 kilometers for Category C vehicles
How energy price risk is allocated among stakeholders.
Energy price risk allocation*
#SP
Operator bears energy price risk (inferred)
#441
Not publicly available
Charging model adopted in the procurement (e.g., depot charging, opportunity charging).
Charging model type*
#SP
Energy-as-a-service model: a private provider installs and operates charging infrastructure in operator depots, with service payments structured under public financing mechanisms.
City or metropolitan region where the procurement process applies.
City / Region
São Paulo
São José dos Campos
Main source of OPEX payment or revenue in the contractual arrangement.
OPEX payment or revenue source
Public payment (gross cost contract – operator paid per km, revenue centrally collected)
Public remuneration per: vehicle maintenance
OPEX payment or revenue values and units disclosed in the procurement.
OPEX payment or revenue values
Defined as R$/km (remuneration fare), periodically adjusted; varies by fleet type and cost structure
Monthly maintenance cost per vehicle: Category A – BRL 4,462.43 (≈ USD 825.58); Category B – BRL 4,895.47 (≈ USD 905.70); Category C – BRL 6,722.28 (≈ USD 1,243.67). (Exchange rate as of 01 Oct 2025)
Requirement for air conditioning in the vehicles, if specified
Air conditioning requirement
Required (inferred)
Required
Minimum technical requirements for batteries and charging systems: autonomy, charging time, and charging type (slow, opportunity)
Battery charging specifications
Not publicly available
Minimum autonomy of 220 kilometers for Category A, 210 kilometers for Category B, and 200 kilometers for Category C vehicles
How energy price risk is allocated among stakeholders.
Energy price risk allocation*
Operator bears energy price risk (inferred)
Not publicly available
Charging model adopted in the procurement (e.g., depot charging, opportunity charging).
Charging model type*
Energy-as-a-service model: a private provider installs and operates charging infrastructure in operator depots, with service payments structured under public financing mechanisms.