Business model: (1) single private operator; (2) dual private actor; (3) public ownership, private operation; (4) fully public operator
Business model typology
Public ownership, private operation
Public ownership, private operation
Dual private actor
Dual private actor
Publication year of the procurement process
Year
2025
2024
2019
2025
Institution responsible for issuing the procurement process.
Issuing authority
Agência de Regulação e Controle dos Serviços Públicos de Transporte (Artran)
Urbanizadora Municipal S.A. (Urbam)
DTPM + Ministry of Transport and Telecommunications
DTPM + Ministry of Transport and Telecommunications
Language in which the procurement documents are available.
Language
Portuguese
Portuguese
Spanish
Spanish
Governance
Country name
Country
#402
Brazil
#441
Brazil
#204
Chile
#201
Chile
City or metropolitan region where the procurement process applies.
City / Region
#402
Belém
#441
São José dos Campos
#204
Santiago
#201
Santiago
Entity responsible for provision of bus fleet
Fleet provision
#402
Public authority (operator must use publicly provided fleet)
#441
Private fleet leaser, public ownership
#204
Private fleet provider
#201
Private fleet provider (leasing option allowed)
Entity responsible for operating public transport services.
Operation
#402
Private operator
#441
Private operator
#204
Private operator
#201
Private operator
Entity responsible for charging infrastructure deployment and operation.
Charging infrastructure
#402
Charging infrastructure (substations) installed by public authority in public terminals; charging equipment supplied via fleet procurement; operator responsible for operation/use
#441
Charging infrastructure is installed and maintained by the public authority
#204
Fleet provider installs; upgrades possible (system-financed)
#201
Fleet provider installs; upgrades possible (system-financed)
Entity responsible for terminals and depots (ownership, upgrades, or operation).
Terminal and depot
#402
Provided by public authority
#441
Unspecified
#204
Provided by DTPM
#201
Provided by DTPM; upgrades may be proposed and financed by the system
Entity responsible for fleet maintenance.
Maintenance
#402
Operator responsible for fleet maintenance; supplier provides technical support/training
#441
Fleet leaser is responsible for fleet maintenance
#204
Same
#201
Operator responsible under fleet provider supervision
Distribution of functional responsibilities among actors involved in the model.
Functional role distribution*
#402
Unbundled public model
#441
Unbundled model
#204
Unbundled model (fleet provider, operator and authority with distinct roles)
#201
Unbundled model (fleet provider, operator and authority with distinct roles)
How electrification is phased or structured over time in the procurement design.
Electrification trajectory design*
#402
Unbundled public model
#441
Unbundled model
#204
Unbundled model (fleet provider, operator and authority with distinct roles)
#201
Unbundled model (fleet provider, operator and authority with distinct roles)
City or metropolitan region where the procurement process applies.
City / Region
Belém
São José dos Campos
Santiago
Santiago
Entity responsible for provision of bus fleet
Fleet provision
Public authority (operator must use publicly provided fleet)
Private fleet leaser, public ownership
Private fleet provider
Private fleet provider (leasing option allowed)
Entity responsible for operating public transport services.
Operation
Private operator
Private operator
Private operator
Private operator
Entity responsible for charging infrastructure deployment and operation.
Charging infrastructure
Charging infrastructure (substations) installed by public authority in public terminals; charging equipment supplied via fleet procurement; operator responsible for operation/use
Charging infrastructure is installed and maintained by the public authority
Fleet provider installs; upgrades possible (system-financed)
Fleet provider installs; upgrades possible (system-financed)
Entity responsible for terminals and depots (ownership, upgrades, or operation).
Terminal and depot
Provided by public authority
Unspecified
Provided by DTPM
Provided by DTPM; upgrades may be proposed and financed by the system
Entity responsible for fleet maintenance.
Maintenance
Operator responsible for fleet maintenance; supplier provides technical support/training
Fleet leaser is responsible for fleet maintenance
Same
Operator responsible under fleet provider supervision
Distribution of functional responsibilities among actors involved in the model.
Functional role distribution*
Unbundled public model
Unbundled model
Unbundled model (fleet provider, operator and authority with distinct roles)
Unbundled model (fleet provider, operator and authority with distinct roles)
How electrification is phased or structured over time in the procurement design.
Electrification trajectory design*
Unbundled public model
Unbundled model
Unbundled model (fleet provider, operator and authority with distinct roles)
Unbundled model (fleet provider, operator and authority with distinct roles)
CAPEX Structure
Country name
Country
#402
Brazil
#441
Brazil
#204
Chile
#201
Chile
City or metropolitan region where the procurement process applies.
City / Region
#402
Belém
#441
São José dos Campos
#204
Santiago
#201
Santiago
Minimum fleet size and key vehicle specification requirements described in the procurement.
Minimum fleet size specifications
#402
Not specified (defined in fleet procurement – ID 401)
How the procurement defines or requires the inclusion of electric vehicles (e.g., percentage of total fleet, categories affected)
Electric requirement
#402
—
#441
All vehicles must be electric
#204
—
#201
—
Warranty requirements for vehicles, batteries, or systems when disclosed.
Warranty requirements
#402
Not applicable to operation procurement
#441
Bid-defined warranty
#204
Not publicly disclosed
#201
Not applicable (operation contract)
Main source of CAPEX payment or revenue in the contractual arrangement.
CAPEX payment or revenue source
#402
Not applicable (CAPEX handled via separate fleet procurement)
#441
Public remuneration per: vehicle leasing; vehicle maintenance
#204
Public remuneration per: vehicle acquisition; maintenance compliance certification
#201
System-financed through fleet provision contract
CAPEX payment or revenue values and units disclosed in the procurement.
CAPEX payment or revenue values
#402
Not applicable
#441
Monthly rental cost per vehicle: Category A – BRL 31,874.52 (≈ USD 5,897.02); Category B – BRL 37,657.45 (≈ USD 6,966.90); Category C – BRL 56,018.98 (≈ USD 10,363.91). (Exchange rate as of 01 Oct 2025)
#204
Unspecified; defined by bidders as part of their economic proposal. Electric buses are paid in 168 monthly installments, and diesel buses in 120. Number of installments determines contract duration
#201
Not publicly available
How residual value risk of assets is allocated among stakeholders.
Asset residual value risk allocation*
#402
Public authority (inferred)
#441
Leasing company (inferred)
#204
Private fleet provider (inferred)
#201
Private fleet provider (inferred)
How battery degradation risk is allocated among stakeholders.
Battery degradation risk allocation*
#402
Public authority (inferred)
#441
Leasing company (inferred)
#204
Private fleet provider (inferred)
#201
Private fleet provider (inferred)
Primary source of financing for the fleet or infrastructure investments.
Source of financing*
#402
Operator (inferred)
#441
Public authority (inferred)
#204
Operator (inferred)
#201
Operator (inferred)
Currency denomination and risk-sharing structure for payments or contracts.
How the procurement defines or requires the inclusion of electric vehicles (e.g., percentage of total fleet, categories affected)
Electric requirement
—
All vehicles must be electric
—
—
Warranty requirements for vehicles, batteries, or systems when disclosed.
Warranty requirements
Not applicable to operation procurement
Bid-defined warranty
Not publicly disclosed
Not applicable (operation contract)
Main source of CAPEX payment or revenue in the contractual arrangement.
CAPEX payment or revenue source
Not applicable (CAPEX handled via separate fleet procurement)
Public remuneration per: vehicle leasing; vehicle maintenance
Public remuneration per: vehicle acquisition; maintenance compliance certification
System-financed through fleet provision contract
CAPEX payment or revenue values and units disclosed in the procurement.
CAPEX payment or revenue values
Not applicable
Monthly rental cost per vehicle: Category A – BRL 31,874.52 (≈ USD 5,897.02); Category B – BRL 37,657.45 (≈ USD 6,966.90); Category C – BRL 56,018.98 (≈ USD 10,363.91). (Exchange rate as of 01 Oct 2025)
Unspecified; defined by bidders as part of their economic proposal. Electric buses are paid in 168 monthly installments, and diesel buses in 120. Number of installments determines contract duration
Not publicly available
How residual value risk of assets is allocated among stakeholders.
Asset residual value risk allocation*
Public authority (inferred)
Leasing company (inferred)
Private fleet provider (inferred)
Private fleet provider (inferred)
How battery degradation risk is allocated among stakeholders.
Battery degradation risk allocation*
Public authority (inferred)
Leasing company (inferred)
Private fleet provider (inferred)
Private fleet provider (inferred)
Primary source of financing for the fleet or infrastructure investments.
Source of financing*
Operator (inferred)
Public authority (inferred)
Operator (inferred)
Operator (inferred)
Currency denomination and risk-sharing structure for payments or contracts.
Currency exposure structure*
Not specified
Not publicly available
Not publicly available
Not publicly available
OPEX & Operational Structure
Country name
Country
#402
Brazil
#441
Brazil
#204
Chile
#201
Chile
City or metropolitan region where the procurement process applies.
City / Region
#402
Belém
#441
São José dos Campos
#204
Santiago
#201
Santiago
Main source of OPEX payment or revenue in the contractual arrangement.
OPEX payment or revenue source
#402
Public remuneration per passenger transported
#441
Public remuneration per: vehicle maintenance
#204
Not applicable
#201
Payment per km operated (system)
OPEX payment or revenue values and units disclosed in the procurement.
OPEX payment or revenue values
#402
Maximum reference remuneration of BRL 3.76 per passenger transported
#441
Monthly maintenance cost per vehicle: Category A – BRL 4,462.43 (≈ USD 825.58); Category B – BRL 4,895.47 (≈ USD 905.70); Category C – BRL 6,722.28 (≈ USD 1,243.67). (Exchange rate as of 01 Oct 2025)
#204
Unspecified; defined by bidders as part of their economic proposal. Electric buses are paid in 168 monthly installments, and diesel buses in 120. Number of installments determines contract duration
#201
Maximum reference remuneration of CLP 2,350 (≈ USD 2.47, as of 01 Oct 2025) per km operated by diesel buses and CLP 1,850 (≈ USD 1.94) per km by electric buses; fixed remuneration of CLP 200 (≈ USD 0.21) per passenger transported
Requirement for air conditioning in the vehicles, if specified
Air conditioning requirement
#402
Not required
#441
Required
#204
Recommended
#201
Required for new buses
Minimum technical requirements for batteries and charging systems: autonomy, charging time, and charging type (slow, opportunity)
Battery charging specifications
#402
Not publicly available
#441
Minimum autonomy of 220 kilometers for Category A, 210 kilometers for Category B, and 200 kilometers for Category C vehicles
#204
215 km / 50 km; 5h / 9 min
#201
200 km / 50 km; 3h / 9 min
How energy price risk is allocated among stakeholders.
Energy price risk allocation*
#402
Not publicly available
#441
Not publicly available
#204
Operator bears energy price risk (not explicitly specified; inferred from model structure)
#201
Operator bears energy price risk (not explicitly specified; inferred from model structure)
Charging model adopted in the procurement (e.g., depot charging, opportunity charging).
Charging model type*
#402
Public infrastructure model: charging infrastructure publicly provided; operator uses system without CAPEX responsibility
#441
Not publicly available
#204
Operator / supplier-led charging model (infrastructure proposed by bidders and installed in public terminals; compensated via dedicated payment component)
#201
Fleet provider-led charging model (infrastructure installed by fleet provider; system may finance upgrades)
City or metropolitan region where the procurement process applies.
City / Region
Belém
São José dos Campos
Santiago
Santiago
Main source of OPEX payment or revenue in the contractual arrangement.
OPEX payment or revenue source
Public remuneration per passenger transported
Public remuneration per: vehicle maintenance
Not applicable
Payment per km operated (system)
OPEX payment or revenue values and units disclosed in the procurement.
OPEX payment or revenue values
Maximum reference remuneration of BRL 3.76 per passenger transported
Monthly maintenance cost per vehicle: Category A – BRL 4,462.43 (≈ USD 825.58); Category B – BRL 4,895.47 (≈ USD 905.70); Category C – BRL 6,722.28 (≈ USD 1,243.67). (Exchange rate as of 01 Oct 2025)
Unspecified; defined by bidders as part of their economic proposal. Electric buses are paid in 168 monthly installments, and diesel buses in 120. Number of installments determines contract duration
Maximum reference remuneration of CLP 2,350 (≈ USD 2.47, as of 01 Oct 2025) per km operated by diesel buses and CLP 1,850 (≈ USD 1.94) per km by electric buses; fixed remuneration of CLP 200 (≈ USD 0.21) per passenger transported
Requirement for air conditioning in the vehicles, if specified
Air conditioning requirement
Not required
Required
Recommended
Required for new buses
Minimum technical requirements for batteries and charging systems: autonomy, charging time, and charging type (slow, opportunity)
Battery charging specifications
Not publicly available
Minimum autonomy of 220 kilometers for Category A, 210 kilometers for Category B, and 200 kilometers for Category C vehicles
215 km / 50 km; 5h / 9 min
200 km / 50 km; 3h / 9 min
How energy price risk is allocated among stakeholders.
Energy price risk allocation*
Not publicly available
Not publicly available
Operator bears energy price risk (not explicitly specified; inferred from model structure)
Operator bears energy price risk (not explicitly specified; inferred from model structure)
Charging model adopted in the procurement (e.g., depot charging, opportunity charging).
Charging model type*
Public infrastructure model: charging infrastructure publicly provided; operator uses system without CAPEX responsibility
Not publicly available
Operator / supplier-led charging model (infrastructure proposed by bidders and installed in public terminals; compensated via dedicated payment component)
Fleet provider-led charging model (infrastructure installed by fleet provider; system may finance upgrades)